Getting Acquainted: Using Manual Modes
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Achieving great results with manual modes is about understanding shutter speed and aperture. The exposure value meter and aperture illustration on the camera's LCD screen helps take out the guesswork.
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A camera's auto and scene settings often result in great shots—but not always. There's that sports photo that was still too blurred, that portrait that was too dark, and that indoor action shot that was both blurred and dark. Ultimately, for the most image control, you'll have to leave auto and scene modes behind in exchange for manual settings.
Not every digital camera has the option to manually adjust settings, but many do. DSLRs, mirrorless, and advanced compacts nearly always include manual modes; some zoom models also include the feature. If you bought a $400 advanced compact, a $500 mirrorless package, a $600 DSLR—you aren't taking full advantage of your investment until you learn how to use the manual modes.
To truly take control of your photos, there's a few basic photography concepts to grasp, including shutter speed, aperture and ISO, before you start using programed, shutter priority, aperture priority and full manual modes.
The Basics: Shutter Speed
When light hits a digital camera's sensor, an image is recorded. The camera's shutter is like a door that opens and closes to let in that light—the longer the “door” is open, the more light that hits the sensor. But, movement during the time that the “door” is open also results in blur.
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Getting Acquainted: Auto and Scene Modes (And When to Use Them)
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Scene modes still allow the camera to automatically choose the best settings, but allow the user to indicate what settings are more important.
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Most of the time, a good digital camera is pretty adept at sensing the lighting conditions and selecting the optimal shooting settings. Auto and the no-flash auto lets the camera do the thinking and the photographer do the snapping, often resulting in clear, well lit photos.
There's just one problem—camera's can't actually think. On an automatic setting, the camera picks up the amount of light that's available and adjusts accordingly. But the camera can't tell that your subject is moving fast, that you want everything but the fireworks to be black or that you want a soft background for a still life shot. But even average consumers (who don't have the terms f-stop or shutter speed in their vocabulary) can take better photos by using the scene modes built into their camera. Scene modes work like auto because the camera selects the settings, only the user can achieve better results by telling the camera exactly what it is taking a picture of.
Scene modes will vary on how (or if) the flash is used, how fast or how slow the snapshot is taken, how soft the background is and how bright the colors are, just to name a few. By understanding the scene modes on your camera, you can take better shots for different scenarios, even with just a point and shoot. Take a look at some of the newest modes to enter the foray, and when to use the most common ones.
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